Candle-light.



J. P. EUSTIS. CANDLE LIGHT. APPLIOATION IILIID SEPT. 23, 1909.

Patented Aug. 2, 1910.

JOHN P. EUS'IIS, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

CANDLE-LIGHT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2, 1910.

Application filed. September 23, 1909. Serial No. 519,263.

, siding at Newton, county of Middlesex, and

State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Candle-Lights, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to candle-lights of the class in which a shade isemployed, and the main object of the invention is to provide anefficient and practical candle-light.

Further objects are to provide a candlelight with a shade-holderparticularly adapted for use with candles; to provide a shade-holderwhich engages with the inner side of the upper edge of the shade in suchway that the shade is positively held in a predetermined position uponthe holder; to provide a shade-holder which does not have to befrequently adjusted relatively to the tip of the candle, but whichgravitates and lowers automatically as the candle is consumed; and toprovide a shade-holder with candle-tip receiving means, preferablyprovided with means for interlocking with complementary members formedby the socket which receives the candle, so that when the candle hasbeen consumed down to and within the socket the shade-holder and shadewill still remain in position and will not topple over.

These being some of the objects in view, my invention consists ofcertain features of construction and combinations of parts to behereinafter described and then claimed with reference to theaccompanying drawings showing desirable forms of the invention, and inwhich- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the preferred form ofcandle-light, showing in full lines the position of the shade andshadeholder upon an unburned candle and also in dotted lines theposition of the shade and shade-holder when the candle has beenconsumed; Fig. 2 is a top view of a candlestick, constructed inaccordance with the present invention; Fig. 3 is a detail longitudinalsection on line 3-8, Fig. 1; Fig. 4

is a detail transverse section on line 4t4:, Fig. 3, some of the partsbeing in elevation; Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5 5, Fig.1, assuming that the shade and shade-holder have been lowered to thedotted line position in Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a detail side elevation of oneof the fingers of the candleholding socket; and Fig. 7 is a longitudinalcentral section of a modified form of the invention in connection with acandle-tip.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 6 of the drawings, the candle-stick proper isshown as comprising a base a, a stem 6, a dished remnantplate or table0, and a socket for receiving the lower end of a candle, comprising aplurality of upwardly projecting fingers d preferably spaced at equaldistances apart and composed of flat strips of metal arranged edgewisetoward the center'of the group of fingers. Said fingers extend outwardlyand upwardly from a ball-like portion 6 located at the center of theplate 0. The said fingers are preferably provided at their inner edgeswith suitable protuberances or ridges cl, shown in detail in Fig. 6,which enter or plow into the substance of the lower end of a candle,such as f, when the same is pushed down in the socket. Candle-tipreceiving means are provided composed of a metallic shell or cap 9 whichhas a large wick-opening 9, Figs. 3 and 4, formed and defined by theinner edge of an inturned top guardlip g of the cap or shell, whichlip'rests upon the tip or top of the candle f while the tapered end of anew candle may extend through the said opening g. The said cap or shell9 forming the tip-receiving means, provides a well or pocket for the hotmelted wax or tallow of the candle, and there are afiixed to orsupported by said tip-receiving means certain metallic parts to bedescribed which tend to cool the shell or cap and retard the melting ofthe candle and thus, with the assistance of the guard-lip g pre vent themelted wax or tallow from flowing out of the well formed within thesame. Extending downwardly from the lower part of the cap or shell 9 arepreferably integral dished or humped portions stamped up from the cap orshell and forming a plurality of lugs it, having side lips or wings 72,.Suitable metallic strips 7cZ are arranged around the said cap or shell 9to extend in a vertical direction and are placed flat against the saidlugs 77., and over the edges and upon the outer surfaces of the saidstrips the side lips or wings h are bent so as to attach and secure thestrips to the cap or shell. This manner of securing the strips isclearly shown in Fig. 3. The upper portions 70 of the same strips 76 Zare curved outwardly away from the cap or shell 9, but for the greaterportion of their length they extend substantially upright. For thegreater part of the length of each portion In of said strips the same islongitudinally channeled, or curved in cross section, so as to stiffenand strengthen the same, while the upper end of each of said portions isbent angularly to form an outwardly acting jaw m. The said stripportions 70 constitute spring or expanding shade supporting armsprovided with the described jaws which are adapted to engage the innerside of the upper edge of a suitable shade such as a. The arms is arepreferably upwardly extended and bent laterally from the cap 9 in suchway that the outwardly presented recesses of the jaws are located abovesaid cap at a distance greater than that to which they are located toone side of said cap. It will be observed that the angularly bent jaws mof the arms of the shade-holder act in an outward direction upon theshade and grip and hold the same positively in such position that theshade hangs properly from its upper edge. The strip portions or arms 7::being of sheet metal provide wide points of contact between the jaws andthe shade, which material is preferable to, and more satisfactory than,wire. By fixing the shade in position upon the shade-holder, the shadedoes not have to be adjusted during burning of the candle, and this isdue to. the fact that the shade always maintains a substantially fixedposition relative to the flame of the candle. This relatively fixedposition of flame and shade is obtained because of the fact that theshade-holder is supported from the candle-tip receiving cap or shellwhich in turn is supported by the candle. The described shade-holder hasthe additional advantage that it will firmly hold either round, squareor hexagon shades squarely and centrally.

In Fig. 7 a modification of the invention is illustrated in which thecandle-tip receiving means consists of a tapering cap or shell 0 fromwhich the shade-supporting arms 79 rise. This is the simplest formwherein a shade-holder constructed in accordance with this invention isillustrated in the drawings, but this modification does not include animportant feature which is also comprehended within the invention asclaimed. The feature referred to is clearly illustrated in Figs. 1, 3and 5, and consists of a plurality of downwardly extending anti tip-overmembers or fingers for the parts supported by the same formed by thelower portions Z of the before-described metallic strips ]cZ, whichmembers or fingers are provided with out-turned ends Z. These downwardlyextending members or fingers Z may lightly grasp the candle as shown,but it is not nec essary that they contact with the candle. The saidmembers or fingers Z correspond in number with the fingers (Z and arefurthermore spaced apart to correspond with the spaces between thesocket fingers (Z so that the same may be inserted between the saidsocket fingers and be supported thereby. In the use of a shade-holder,combined with the said interlock-members or fingers Z and the socketcomposed of upwardly projecting fingers (Z, care is taken that inplacing the shade-holder upon the candle the said members or fingersalternate with the fingers of the candlesocket, or in other words, thatthe said members or fingers are in line with the spaces between thefingers (Z. The result will be that when the candle is consumed down toa short stub the lower ends of the members or fingers Z enter betweenthe upper ends of the socket fingers (Z, and the shade and shade-holderconsequently gravitate until the entire candle-stub within the socketfingers is consumed or melted, the said members or fingers being now intheir lowermost position. The lower ends of the said members or fingersare preferably long enough to rest upon the remnant-plate 0 of thecandlestick, but this is not essential.

An important feature of the proper relative spacing of the members orfingers Z to the socket fingers (Z is that when the en meshing orei'igaging is taking place or is complete there are open spaces throughwhich the melted material of the stub flows onto the remnant-plate sothat the socket is entirely cleared and is ready to receive anothercandle, An advantage incident to the interjecting of portions attachedto the shade-holder between portions attached to the candle-stick isthat when the candle is nearly consumed the shade-holder and shade aremaintained in position upon the candlestick and will not fall off thestick, if care is taken that in the adjustment of the shadeholder uponthe candle the members or fingers are placed in line with the spacesbetween the fingers of the socket.

Obviously some features of the invention may be used without others, andother obvious parts added or parts altered, without departing from thescope and spirit of the invention.

I am aware that prior to my invention it was old in the art to provideglobe or shadeholders for gas fixtures with upwardly extending springarms which engaged the bottom or lower edge of a globe or shade, butsuch arms are comparatively short and could not support the globe orshade from its upper edge around the flame, and, furthermore, have notthat resiliency due to considerable vertical extension which isdesirable where shades of candle-lights are to be supported from theirupper edges. I therefore do not claim such old construction.

lVhat I claim as new is,

1. In a candle-light, a candle-tip receiving cap having an inturned topguard-lip,

whereby said cap is adapted for support by a candle-tip, and a pluralityof outwardlying located above said cap at a distance greater than thatto which they are located to one side of said cap.

3. In a candle-light, candle-ti receiving means conformed and adapted orsupport by a candle-tip, and carrying a plurality of outwardly-actingshade-grasping and supporting arms, said arms being of longitudinallychanneled sheet metal.

a. In a candle-light, cand1e-tip receiving means conformed and adaptedfor support by a candle-tip, and carrying a plurality ofoutwardly-acting arms provided at their normally free upper ends withangularly bent outwardly presented shade-gripping jaws, said jaws beinglocated above said means, at a distance greater than that to which theyare located to one side of said means.

5. In a candle-light, the combination, of candle-tip receiving meansconformed and adapted for support by a candle-tip, and carrying aplurality of outwardly-acting shade-grasping and supporting arms havingfreely acting upper ends located above said means at a distance greaterthan that to which they are located to one side of said means, with ashade removably engaged at and within its upper edge by the freelyacting upper ends of said arms.

6. In a candle-light, candle-tip receiving means, and a plurality ofarms extending upwardly therefrom and having means providing adetachable direct engagement with a shade, but constructed to positivelygrip the shade and sustain it rigidly in position, said engaging meansbeing located above said candle-tip receiving means at a distancegreater than that to which it is located to one side of said candle-tipreceiving means.

7. In a candle-light, the combination, of candle-tip receiving meansconformed and adapted for support by a candle-tip, and carrying aplurality of outwardly-acting sheetmetal shade supporting arms providedwith angularly bent shade-gripping jaws, with a shade removably engagedat and within its upper edge by the said jaws.

8. In a candle-light, a shade-holder having candle-tip receiving meansconformed and adapted for support by a candle-tip, combined with membersor fingers extending from said receiving means, and having outwardlybent lower ends, the space surrounded by said members or fingers beingof the approximate diameter of a candle.

9. In a candle-light, candle-tip receiving means conformed and adaptedfor support outwardly-acting shade-grasping and supporting arms,combined with anti-tip-over members or fingers for said parts, extendingfrom said candle-tip receiving means and spaced a less distance apartthan said arms.

10. In a candle-light, an apertured candletip receiving cap carrying aplurality of outwardly-actlng shade-grasping and supporting arms,combined with anti-tip-over members or fingers for said parts, extendingfrom the lower edge of said cap.

11. In a candle-light, the combination of candle-tip receiving means,means carried thereby for holding a shade, and anti-tipover members forsaid parts depending from said candle-tip receiving means and havingoutwardly bent lower ends, the space surrounded by said members being ofthe approximate diameter of a candle.

12. In a candle-light, the combination of candle-tip receiving means,means carried thereby for holding a shade, and a plurality ofanti-tip-over members or fingers for said parts, extending downwardlyfrom said candle-tip receiving means and having outwardly bent lowerends.

13. In a candle-light, the combination of an apertured candle-tip cap, aseries of upwardly-extending outwardly springing shade-holding andengaging arms thereon, and a series of oppositely extending antitipovermembers or fingers, for said parts, on said cap.

14. In a candle-light,-the combination of an apertured candle-tip cap, aseries of upwardly-extending, outwardly acting, spring shade-holdingarms thereon, and a series of oppositely extending anti-tip-over membersor fingers, for said parts, on said cap, each finger being acontinuation of one of said arms.

15. In a candle-light, the combination of a candle-holding socket, ashade-holder, and a plurality of anti-tip-over members, said socketcomprising parts within which said members are adapted to be inserted.

16. In a candle-light, the combination, with means for holding a candle,comprising a plurality of candle-engaging fingers forming a holdingsocket, of a shade-holder, and a plurality of anti-tip-over members orfingers thereon spaced relatively to and adapt- I ed to enter betweenthe said candle-engaging fingers to prevent the tipping over of the lshade-holder.

by a candle-tip, and carrying a plurality of 17. In a candle-light, thecombination, with means for holding a candle, comprising a plurality ofcandle-engaging fingers forming a holding-socket, of a shade, ashadeholder, and a plurality of anti-tip-over members or fingers thereonspaced relatively to and adapted to enter between the saidcandle-engaging fingers to prevent tipping over of the shade-holder andshade.

18. In a candle-light, the combination of candle-holding means,comprising a candleholding socket, a candle inserted in said socket, agravitating shade-support having candle-tip receiving means resting uponthe tip of the candle, and spaced anti-tip-over 15 JOHN P. EUSTIS.

Witnesses FREDERICK J. ELLIS, THOMAS M. KEEFE.

